This was borrowed into Classical Latin as zizyphum (used for the fruit) and zizyphus (the tree). The ultimate source of the name is Ancient Greek ζίζυφον zízyphon. Terpenoids such as colubrinic acid and alphitolic acid were found in the fruits. įlavinoids found in the fruits include Kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside, Quercetine 3-O-robinobioside, Quercetine 3-O-rutinoside. Leaves contain saponin and ziziphin, which suppresses the ability to perceive sweet taste. There is a single hard kernel, similar to an olive pit, containing two seeds. The fruit is an edible oval drupe 1.5–3 cm ( 5⁄ 8– 1 + 1⁄ 8 in) deep when immature it is smooth-green, with the consistency and taste of an apple with lower acidity, maturing brown to purplish-black, and eventually wrinkled, looking like a small date. The flowers are small, 5 millimetres ( 1⁄ 4 in) wide, with five inconspicuous yellowish-green petals. The leaves are shiny-green, ovate-acute, 2–7 centimetres ( 3⁄ 4– 2 + 3⁄ 4 inches) long and 1–3 cm ( 3⁄ 8– 1 + 1⁄ 8 in) wide, with three conspicuous veins at the base, and a finely toothed margin. It is a small deciduous tree or shrub reaching a height of 5–12 metres (16–39 feet), usually with thorny branches. The plant is known in Arabic and Persian as Annab (عناب), and as hinap or finab in eastern Bulgaria.
Jujube (UK / ˈ dʒ uː dʒ uː b/ US / ˈ dʒ u dʒ u b/ or / ˈ dʒ u dʒ ə b iː/ ), sometimes jujuba, known by the scientific name Ziziphus jujuba and also called red date, Chinese date, and Chinese jujube, is a species in the genus Ziziphus in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae. †Percentages are roughly approximated using US recommendations for adults.
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